Judges Act Article 59-3
A judgment shall be in contravention of laws and regulations if it does not apply to applicable laws and regulations or its application is improper.A judgment shall be automatically held in contravention of laws and regulations under one of the following circumstances:1. Where the Disciplinary Chamber of the Judiciary that renders the judgment concerned is not organized in conformity with the law.2. Where the judge or the Expert Lay Judge who should have rescued him/herself in accordance with the law or adjudication has participated in the trial.3. Where the Disciplinary Chamber of the Judiciary has inappropriately identified the jurisdiction. 4. Where the parties are not legally authorized, represented, or defended in the action.5. Where the judgment does not provide reasons or provides contradictory reasons, which makes it sufficient to affect the outcome of the judgment.
中文原文 法官法第59-3條
判決不適用法規或適用不當者，為違背法令。
有下列各款情形之一者，其判決當然違背法令：
一、判決職務法庭之組織不合法。
二、依法律或裁判應迴避之法官或參審員參與審判。
三、職務法庭對於權限之有無辨別不當。
四、當事人於訴訟未經合法代理、代表或辯護。
五、判決不備理由或理由矛盾，足以影響判決之結果。
有下列各款情形之一者，其判決當然違背法令：
一、判決職務法庭之組織不合法。
二、依法律或裁判應迴避之法官或參審員參與審判。
三、職務法庭對於權限之有無辨別不當。
四、當事人於訴訟未經合法代理、代表或辯護。
五、判決不備理由或理由矛盾，足以影響判決之結果。