Code of Criminal Procedure Article 166-1
This English translation was last updated on 2020-01-15, but the Chinese text was amended on 2026-05-13. Later amendments may not be reflected in the translation — please refer to the Chinese text.
Direct examination shall be made on the facts to be proven and other matters concerned.To examine the probative value of the statement of the witness or expert witness, the direct examination may be made as to the necessary points thereof.No leading question may be asked in direct examination, except for the following circumstances:(1) The personal identity, education, experience of the witness or expert witness, and matters necessary to his social relationships prior to getting into the substantive matter being examined;(2) The matter clearly not in dispute;(3) For the purpose of refreshing the memory of the witness or expert witness in case the witness or expert witness has a vague memory;(4) The witness or expert witness appears to be hostile or antagonistic to the examiner;(5) The matters which the witness or expert witness is trying to avoid answering;(6) The prior statement of the witness or expert witness, if it is inconsistent with his current statement;(7) Other special circumstances that will validate the necessity of a leading question.Note: Articles 1 through 343 were amended lastly on February 6, 2003.
中文原文 刑事訴訟法第166-1條
主詰問應就待證事項及其相關事項行之。
為辯明證人、鑑定人陳述之證明力，得就必要之事項為主詰問。
行主詰問時，不得為誘導詰問。
但下列情形，不在此限：
一、未為實體事項之詰問前，有關證人、鑑定人之身分、學歷、經歷、與其交游所關之必要準備事項。
二、當事人顯無爭執之事項。
三、關於證人、鑑定人記憶不清之事項，為喚起其記憶所必要者。
四、證人、鑑定人對詰問者顯示敵意或反感者。
五、證人、鑑定人故為規避之事項。
六、證人、鑑定人為與先前不符之陳述時，其先前之陳述。
七、其他認有誘導詰問必要之特別情事者。
為辯明證人、鑑定人陳述之證明力，得就必要之事項為主詰問。
行主詰問時，不得為誘導詰問。
但下列情形，不在此限：
一、未為實體事項之詰問前，有關證人、鑑定人之身分、學歷、經歷、與其交游所關之必要準備事項。
二、當事人顯無爭執之事項。
三、關於證人、鑑定人記憶不清之事項，為喚起其記憶所必要者。
四、證人、鑑定人對詰問者顯示敵意或反感者。
五、證人、鑑定人故為規避之事項。
六、證人、鑑定人為與先前不符之陳述時，其先前之陳述。
七、其他認有誘導詰問必要之特別情事者。