Nuclear Emergency Response Act Article 2
DefinitionsThe terms used in this Act are defined as follows:(1) Nuclear Accident：refers to an emergency occurring in a nuclear reactor facility whose response organization fails to eliminate the causes of the accident promptly and to prevent enlargement of the hazard, thereby leading to the release or potential release of radioactive materials, which is sufficient to give rise to an accident of radiation detriment.(2) Nuclear Reactor Facility： refers to an installation with nuclear fuel in appropriate array where the self-sustaining chain reaction of controllable nuclear fission can take place together with its associated buildings and equipment; several nuclear reactor facilities installed at the same site by the same licensee are regarded as a single nuclear reactor facility.(3) Research Nuclear Reactor Facility：refers to a nuclear reactor facility mainly for the purpose of teaching, research, or experimentation.(4) Nuclear Reactor Facility Licensee：refers to a licensee that has been designated or approved by the government to operate the nuclear reactor facility.(5) Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)：refers to a zone where the emergency response plan must be carried out and the public protective measures must be taken immediately upon the occurrence of a nuclear accident.(6) Preparedness Measures：refer to various actions of planning, organizing, training, and exercising that are taken in advance at ordinary times and can be adopted promptly upon the occurrence or possible occurrence of a nuclear accident.(7) Response Measures：refer to measures to be taken upon the occurrence or possible occurrence of a nuclear accident with various actions of preventing continual deterioration of the accident and protecting the safety, health and properties of the public.(8) Recovery Measures：refer to relevant protective measures needed to complete temporary relocation, area control of access and egress, and control of food and drinking water after the nuclear accident has been controlled and no longer deteriorates, but before the affected area can be recovered to normal living conditions.(9) Designated Agency：refers to a governmental agency designated by the Executive Yuan to carry out emergency response affairs for nuclear accidents.(10) Public Protection：refers to measures taken upon the occurrence or possible occurrence of a nuclear accident to reduce radiation exposure and protect the safety, health of the public. Such measures include sheltering, iodine tablet administration, evacuation and accommodation, control of food and drinking water, temporary relocation, area control of access and egress, decontamination and cleanup, and medical aid.(11) Sheltering：refers to the action taken by the public to stay indoors with windows, doors, and ventilation systems promptly closed, in order to reduce the risk of inhaling radionuclides and receiving radiation exposure.(12) Iodine Tablet：refers to the drug potassium iodide (KI); as a certain dosage is taken timely upon the occurrence or possible occurrence of a nuclear accident, it can prevent the released radionuclide from depositing in the thyroid glands, so as to avoid or reduce the thyroid cancer morbidity.(13) Emergency Response Plan：refers to the emergency response basic plan, the public protection plan within the EPZ, and the emergency response plan of a nuclear reactor facility.(14) Emergency Response Basic Plan：refers to a comprehensive emergency response plan for nuclear accidents laid down by the central competent authority in consultation with the designated agencies.(15) Public Protection Plan within the EPZ： refers to a regional public protection response plan for nuclear accidents established by the special municipal government or county/city government responsible for the EPZ, in order to ensure the safety of local residents.(16) Emergency Response Plans for the Nuclear Reactor Facility：refer to both on-site and off-site emergency response plans for nuclear accidents established by the nuclear reactor facility licensee for managing facility rescue operations and coordinating with regional public protection efforts.
中文原文 核子事故緊急應變法第2條
本法用詞定義如下：
一、核子事故：指核子反應器設施發生緊急事故，且核子反應器設施內部之應變組織無法迅速排除事故成因及防止災害之擴大，而導致放射性物質外釋或有外釋之虞，足以引起輻射危害之事故。
二、核子反應器設施：指裝填有適當安排之核子燃料，而能發生可控制之原子核分裂自續連鎖反應之裝置及其相關附屬廠房與設備；同一經營者在同一廠址所設數個核子反應器設施，視為一核子反應器設施。
三、研究用核子反應器設施：指以教學、研究或實驗為主要目的之核子反應器設施。
四、核子反應器設施經營者：指經政府指定或核准經營核子反應器設施者。
五、緊急應變計畫區：指核子事故發生時，必須實施緊急應變計畫及即時採取民眾防護措施之區域。
六、整備措施：指於平時預為規劃、編組、訓練及演習之各項作為，俾核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，能迅速採行應變措施。
七、應變措施：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，為防止事故持續惡化及保護民眾生命、身體及財產安全所進行之各項作為。
八、復原措施：指核子事故經控制不再持續惡化，至受事故影響區域可恢復正常生活狀況前，所需完成之暫時移居、地區進出管制、食物及飲水管制等相關防護措施。
九、指定之機關：指為執行核子事故緊急應變事宜，由行政院指定之行政機關。
十、民眾防護：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，為減少輻射曝露，保障民眾生命、身體安全，所採行之掩蔽、服用碘片、疏散收容、食物及飲水管制、暫時移居、地區進出管制、污染清除、醫療救護等措施。
十一、掩蔽：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，民眾停留於室內，並立即關閉門窗及通風系統，以降低吸入放射性核種及輻射曝露可能性之措施。
十二、碘片：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，適時服用一定劑量，可防止外釋放射性碘積存於人體甲狀腺部位，以避免或減少甲狀腺癌發生之碘化鉀藥劑。
十三、緊急應變計畫：指緊急應變基本計畫、區域民眾防護應變計畫及核子反應器設施緊急應變計畫。
十四、緊急應變基本計畫：指由中央主管機關會商指定之機關針對核子事故所訂定之綜合性緊急應變計畫。
十五、區域民眾防護應變計畫：指緊急應變計畫區所在之直轄市政府、縣（市）政府為保障地區民眾安全，針對核子事故所訂定之地區性民眾防護應變計畫。
十六、核子反應器設施緊急應變計畫：指核子反應器設施經營者為進行設施之搶救及配合地區民眾防護作業，針對核子事故所訂定設施內、外之緊急應變計畫。
一、核子事故：指核子反應器設施發生緊急事故，且核子反應器設施內部之應變組織無法迅速排除事故成因及防止災害之擴大，而導致放射性物質外釋或有外釋之虞，足以引起輻射危害之事故。
二、核子反應器設施：指裝填有適當安排之核子燃料，而能發生可控制之原子核分裂自續連鎖反應之裝置及其相關附屬廠房與設備；同一經營者在同一廠址所設數個核子反應器設施，視為一核子反應器設施。
三、研究用核子反應器設施：指以教學、研究或實驗為主要目的之核子反應器設施。
四、核子反應器設施經營者：指經政府指定或核准經營核子反應器設施者。
五、緊急應變計畫區：指核子事故發生時，必須實施緊急應變計畫及即時採取民眾防護措施之區域。
六、整備措施：指於平時預為規劃、編組、訓練及演習之各項作為，俾核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，能迅速採行應變措施。
七、應變措施：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，為防止事故持續惡化及保護民眾生命、身體及財產安全所進行之各項作為。
八、復原措施：指核子事故經控制不再持續惡化，至受事故影響區域可恢復正常生活狀況前，所需完成之暫時移居、地區進出管制、食物及飲水管制等相關防護措施。
九、指定之機關：指為執行核子事故緊急應變事宜，由行政院指定之行政機關。
十、民眾防護：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，為減少輻射曝露，保障民眾生命、身體安全，所採行之掩蔽、服用碘片、疏散收容、食物及飲水管制、暫時移居、地區進出管制、污染清除、醫療救護等措施。
十一、掩蔽：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，民眾停留於室內，並立即關閉門窗及通風系統，以降低吸入放射性核種及輻射曝露可能性之措施。
十二、碘片：指核子事故發生或有發生之虞時，適時服用一定劑量，可防止外釋放射性碘積存於人體甲狀腺部位，以避免或減少甲狀腺癌發生之碘化鉀藥劑。
十三、緊急應變計畫：指緊急應變基本計畫、區域民眾防護應變計畫及核子反應器設施緊急應變計畫。
十四、緊急應變基本計畫：指由中央主管機關會商指定之機關針對核子事故所訂定之綜合性緊急應變計畫。
十五、區域民眾防護應變計畫：指緊急應變計畫區所在之直轄市政府、縣（市）政府為保障地區民眾安全，針對核子事故所訂定之地區性民眾防護應變計畫。
十六、核子反應器設施緊急應變計畫：指核子反應器設施經營者為進行設施之搶救及配合地區民眾防護作業，針對核子事故所訂定設施內、外之緊急應變計畫。