Regulations of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies Article 13
Bioanalytical data from concentrations of active ingredient or its metabolites in blood (plasma, serum or whole blood) or urine, (hereinafter referred as blood concentrations or urine concentrations) can be used as biological sample for assay in a bioavailability or bioequivalence study. If this is not feasible, validated pharmacodynamic and clinical endpoints may be used.For the use of blood or urine concentration, following rule should be complied:1.Blood concentration of the active ingredient should be used as first priority. In case of the active ingredient was difficult to detect in blood and the bioanalytical data is therefore difficult to generate, then blood concentration of the metabolite could be used.2.For active metabolite with safety and efficacy concerns, the blood concentration of the drug ingredient (prodrug) and the active metabolite should both be used.3.For drug ingredient (prodrug) and active metabolite that are mainly eliminated by urine and not detectable in blood, urine concentration could be used.Using assays measuring individual enantiomers of the drug is acceptable in bioavailability studies. Generally, the achiral compound should be measured in bioequivalent studies. Measuring all enantiomers of the drug according to pharmacokinetic considerations might be required
中文原文 藥品生體可用率及生體相等性試驗作業準則第13條
執行生體可用率及生體相等性試驗之評估標的,得以血、尿中之藥品或其代謝物濃度(以下簡稱血中濃度、尿中濃度)或以適當之藥理反應及臨床效應為對象。
前項評估標的如以血中或尿中濃度為對象時,應符合下列規定:
一、應以評估血中原型藥品濃度為優先。
但血中原型藥品依現行可偵測極限難以取得完整血中濃度曲線以計算藥動參數時,得改以血中活性代謝物為評估標的。
二、藥品活性代謝物有安全或療效上之考量時,除血中原型藥品濃度外,應增加以血中活性代謝物濃度為評估標的。
三、原型藥品及其活性代謝物均無法由血中濃度測定方法檢測,且主要由尿液排泄時,得以尿中濃度為評估標的。
執行生體可用率試驗時,得採用個別鏡像異構物之測定;執行生體相等性試驗時,以測定消旋藥品為原則。
必要時,應依藥動學原理比較所有鏡像異構物之參數。
前項評估標的如以血中或尿中濃度為對象時,應符合下列規定:
一、應以評估血中原型藥品濃度為優先。
但血中原型藥品依現行可偵測極限難以取得完整血中濃度曲線以計算藥動參數時,得改以血中活性代謝物為評估標的。
二、藥品活性代謝物有安全或療效上之考量時,除血中原型藥品濃度外,應增加以血中活性代謝物濃度為評估標的。
三、原型藥品及其活性代謝物均無法由血中濃度測定方法檢測,且主要由尿液排泄時,得以尿中濃度為評估標的。
執行生體可用率試驗時,得採用個別鏡像異構物之測定;執行生體相等性試驗時,以測定消旋藥品為原則。
必要時,應依藥動學原理比較所有鏡像異構物之參數。