Act for Distant Water Fisheries Article 4
Terms used in the Act are defined as follows:(1) “Fishing” means activities of searching for, attracting, or catching marine fisheries resources; transshipping, transporting, landing, storing, processing, or packaging catch or fisheries products; or providing supply.(2) “Fishing vessel” means any vessel used for the purpose of fishing.(3) “Distant water fisheries” means using any fishing vessel to conduct fishing activities on the high seas or in internal waters, territorial seas, and the exclusive economic zones of other States (hereinafter referred to as “waters under national jurisdictions of other States”).(4) “Marine fisheries resources” means living marine resources that can be utilized in fisheries.(5) “Distant water fisheries operator” means any person that operates distant water fisheries.(6) “Distant water fisheries employee” means any crew member of a fishing vessel and any other person that catches, lands, or transships catch or fisheries products for any distant water fisheries operator.(7) “Industry related to distant water fisheries” means relevant industry that engages in the processing, transporting, storing, purchasing, selling, selling on assignment, or export trade.(8) “International fisheries organization” means any international fisheries management organization or regional or sub-regional fisheries management organization established in accordance with international conventions, treaties, or agreements in which the Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as “the ROC”) participates.(9) “Conservation and management measures” means Recommendations or Resolutions that are adopted by international fisheries organizations and are in force and binding for the conservation and management of marine fisheries resources.(10) “Transshipment at sea” means transferring catch or fisheries products from a fishing vessel or a vessel to another fishing vessel or vessel in waters outside of port areas.(11) “Transshipment in port” means transferring catch or fisheries products from a fishing vessel or a vessel to another fishing vessel or vessel in waters inside of port areas.(12) “Landing in port” means landing catch or fisheries products in waters inside of port areas.(13) “Observer” means any person dispatched by the competent authority, international fisheries management organizations, or States with which the fisheries cooperation is engaged to conduct observation, verification, data collection, sampling, and other relevant missions on board any fishing vessel.(14) “Illegal fishing” means fishing activities:i. conducted by national or foreign fishing vessel in waters under the jurisdiction of a State without the permission of that State, or in contravention of its laws and regulations;ii. conducted by any fishing vessel flying the flag of States that are parties to a relevant international fisheries organization, but operate in contravention of conservation and management measures adopted by that organization and by which the States are bound, or relevant provisions of the applicable international law; oriii. in violation of national laws or international obligations, including those undertaken by cooperating States to a relevant international fisheries organization.(15) “Unreported fishing” means fishing activities:i. that have not been reported or have been misreported to the relevant national authority, in contravention of national laws and regulations; orii. undertaken in the area of competence of a relevant international fisheries organization that have not been reported or have been misreported, in contravention of the reporting procedures of that organization.(16) “Unregulated fishing” means fishing activities:i. in the area of application of a relevant international fisheries organization that are conducted by fishing vessels without nationality, or by those flying the flag of a State not party to that organization, or by a fishing entity, in a manner that is not consistent with or contravenes the conservation and management measures of that organization; orii. in areas or for fish stocks in relation to which there are no applicable conservation and management measures and where such fishing activities are conducted in a manner inconsistent with State responsibilities for the conservation of living marine resources under international law.(17) “Flag State” means a State whose flag a vessel flies or is entitled to fly.(18) “Exclusive Economic Zone” means an area beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea and extending to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines of the territorial sea.
中文原文 遠洋漁業條例第4條
本條例用詞，定義如下：
一、漁撈作業：指探尋、誘集、捕撈海洋漁業資源，載運、卸下、儲存、加工、包裝漁獲物或漁產品，或提供補給之行為。
二、漁船：指從事漁撈作業之船舶。
三、遠洋漁業：指使用漁船於公海或他國內水、領海或專屬經濟海域（以下簡稱管轄海域），從事漁撈作業之行業。
四、海洋漁業資源：指可供漁業利用之海洋生物資源。
五、經營者：指經營遠洋漁業者。
六、從業人：指漁船船員及其他為經營者捕撈、卸下或運搬漁獲物或漁產品之人。
七、遠洋漁業相關業者：指從事遠洋漁業漁獲物或漁產品加工、運送、倉儲、買賣、代理銷售或出口之相關業者。
八、國際漁業組織：指我國參與之依國際條約或協定所成立之國際漁業管理組織、區域或次區域漁業管理組織。
九、養護管理措施：指國際漁業組織為保育管理海洋漁業資源所通過並生效具約束力之建議或決議案。
十、海上轉載：指於港區範圍以外之海域，將漁獲物或漁產品從漁船或漁船以外船舶轉移至其他漁船或漁船以外船舶之行為。
十一、港內轉載：指於港區範圍內之海域，將漁獲物或漁產品從漁船或漁船以外船舶轉移至其他漁船或漁船以外船舶之行為。
十二、港口卸魚：指於港區範圍內之海域卸下漁獲物或漁產品之行為。
十三、觀察員：指由主管機關、國際漁業組織或漁業合作國指派在漁船觀察、執行查核、蒐集資料、採取生物體標本等任務之人。
十四、非法漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）漁船在國家管轄海域內，未經許可或違反該國法令從事漁撈作業。
（二）國際漁業組織會員國之漁船，違反該組織之養護管理措施，或違反國際法有關規定從事漁撈作業。
（三）國際漁業組織合作非會員國之漁船，違反該國法令或國際義務從事漁撈作業。
十五、未報告漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）從事違反船籍國法令規定，未向該國主管機關報告或虛報之漁撈作業。
（二）從事違反國際漁業組織報告程序，未向該組織報告或虛報之漁撈作業。
十六、不受規範漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）無國籍漁船、非國際漁業組織會員國或捕魚實體之漁船，在國際漁業組織適用海域內，從事違反該組織養護管理措施之漁撈作業。
（二）以違反國際法賦予國家養護海洋漁業資源責任之方式，於未實施養護管理措施之海域從事漁撈作業或捕撈未實施養護管理措施之海洋漁業資源。
十七、船籍國：指船舶有資格懸掛之國旗所屬國家。
十八、專屬經濟海域：指鄰接領海外側至距離領海基線二百浬間之海域。
一、漁撈作業：指探尋、誘集、捕撈海洋漁業資源，載運、卸下、儲存、加工、包裝漁獲物或漁產品，或提供補給之行為。
二、漁船：指從事漁撈作業之船舶。
三、遠洋漁業：指使用漁船於公海或他國內水、領海或專屬經濟海域（以下簡稱管轄海域），從事漁撈作業之行業。
四、海洋漁業資源：指可供漁業利用之海洋生物資源。
五、經營者：指經營遠洋漁業者。
六、從業人：指漁船船員及其他為經營者捕撈、卸下或運搬漁獲物或漁產品之人。
七、遠洋漁業相關業者：指從事遠洋漁業漁獲物或漁產品加工、運送、倉儲、買賣、代理銷售或出口之相關業者。
八、國際漁業組織：指我國參與之依國際條約或協定所成立之國際漁業管理組織、區域或次區域漁業管理組織。
九、養護管理措施：指國際漁業組織為保育管理海洋漁業資源所通過並生效具約束力之建議或決議案。
十、海上轉載：指於港區範圍以外之海域，將漁獲物或漁產品從漁船或漁船以外船舶轉移至其他漁船或漁船以外船舶之行為。
十一、港內轉載：指於港區範圍內之海域，將漁獲物或漁產品從漁船或漁船以外船舶轉移至其他漁船或漁船以外船舶之行為。
十二、港口卸魚：指於港區範圍內之海域卸下漁獲物或漁產品之行為。
十三、觀察員：指由主管機關、國際漁業組織或漁業合作國指派在漁船觀察、執行查核、蒐集資料、採取生物體標本等任務之人。
十四、非法漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）漁船在國家管轄海域內，未經許可或違反該國法令從事漁撈作業。
（二）國際漁業組織會員國之漁船，違反該組織之養護管理措施，或違反國際法有關規定從事漁撈作業。
（三）國際漁業組織合作非會員國之漁船，違反該國法令或國際義務從事漁撈作業。
十五、未報告漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）從事違反船籍國法令規定，未向該國主管機關報告或虛報之漁撈作業。
（二）從事違反國際漁業組織報告程序，未向該組織報告或虛報之漁撈作業。
十六、不受規範漁撈作業：指下列情形：
（一）無國籍漁船、非國際漁業組織會員國或捕魚實體之漁船，在國際漁業組織適用海域內，從事違反該組織養護管理措施之漁撈作業。
（二）以違反國際法賦予國家養護海洋漁業資源責任之方式，於未實施養護管理措施之海域從事漁撈作業或捕撈未實施養護管理措施之海洋漁業資源。
十七、船籍國：指船舶有資格懸掛之國旗所屬國家。
十八、專屬經濟海域：指鄰接領海外側至距離領海基線二百浬間之海域。