Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Futures Clearing Houses Article 12
Liabilities shall be properly classified. Current and non-current liabilities shall be distinguished.For each liability line item, the total amount expected to be settled within 12 months after the balance sheet date and the total amount expected to be settled more than 12 months after the balance sheet date shall be separately presented in the financial statements or disclosed in the notes.Current liability means that the futures clearing house expects to settle the liability in its normal operating cycle; that it holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading; that it expects to settle the liability when due within 12 months after the balance sheet date, even if an agreement to refinance or to reschedule payments on a long-term basis is completed after the balance sheet date and before the financial statements are authorized for issue; or that it does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the balance sheet date. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. Current liabilities shall include at least the following liability line items:1.Short-term borrowings:A.Short-term borrowings includes short-term borrowings from banks, overdrafts, and other short-term borrowings.B.For short-term borrowing, the nature of the borrowing, the name of the lending bank, the interest rate range, the maturity date, and the guarantee status shall be noted based on the type of borrowing. If collateral is provided, the name and carrying amount of the collateral shall be stated.C.Borrowings from financial institutions, shareholders, employees, related parties, and other individuals or institutions shall be separately noted.2.Short-term bills payable:A.Short-term bills issued through financial institutions to acquire funds from the money market, including commercial paper payable and bankers' acceptances.B.Short-term bills payable shall be measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. However, short-term bills payable with no stated interest rate may be measured at the original face amount if the effect of discounting is immaterial.C.For short-term bills payable, the guarantor or accepting institution and the interest rate shall be noted. If collateral is provided, the name and carrying amount of the collateral shall be noted.3.Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss–current:A.Financial liabilities held for trading:a.Liabilities that are incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing them in the near term.b.Liabilities that, upon initial recognition, are part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that are managed together and for which there is evidence of a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking.c.Liabilities that are financial liabilities, except for financial guarantee contracts or derivative financial liabilities that are designated and effective hedging instruments.B.Financial liabilities that are designated as measured at fair value through profit or loss.C.Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss shall be measured at fair value. However, with respect to a financial liability designated as at fair value through profit or loss, if the amount of change in the fair value of the financial liability is attributable to change in the liability's credit risk, it shall be recognized in other comprehensive income, unless for the purpose of avoiding accounting mismatch or in the case of loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts, under which circumstances the amount of changes in fair value shall be recognized in profit or loss.4.Financial liabilities for hedging – current:A.A financial liability that is a designated and effective hedging instrument under hedge accounting requirements.B.The futures clearing house shall classify these as derivative instruments or as non-derivative financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss or not measured at fair value through profit or loss.5.Trade payables:A.Payables resulting from principal business operations.B.Trade payables shall be measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. However, short-term trade payables with no stated interest rate may be measured at the original invoice amount if the effect of discounting is immaterial.C.Trade payables arising from operating activities shall be presented separately from other payables arising from non-operating activities.D.Payables to related parties in material amounts shall be presented separately.E.If collateral has been provided for trade payables, the name and carrying amount of the collateral shall be noted.6.Other payables: Payables other than trade payables, such as tax payable, accrued payroll, and dividends payable. For dividends and bonuses payable passed by resolution of the shareholders meeting, the distribution method and scheduled payment date, if determined, shall be disclosed.7.Current tax liabilities: Unpaid tax for current and prior periods.8.Provisions–current:A.Any liability of uncertain timing or amount.B.Provisions shall be accounted for in accordance with IAS 37.C.A provision shall be recognized when a futures clearing house has a present obligation as a result of a past event, and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.D.A futures clearing house shall disaggregate provisions into provisions for employee benefits and other items in the notes.9.Futures traders' equity: A contra item to the "clearing margins" on the assets side.10.Liabilities directly associated with non-current assets held for sale: Any liability included in a disposal group held for sale that is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such disposal groups, and whose sale must be highly probable.11.Other current liabilities: Current liabilities not attributable to any of the classes above.Non-current liabilities refers to liabilities other than current liabilities, and shall include at least each of the following line items:1.Bonds payable (including overseas bonds) refers to bonds issued by a futures clearing house:A.For issued bonds, the total approved amount, interest rate, maturity date, name of collateral, carrying amount, issuing area, and other relevant terms and restrictions shall be noted in the notes to the financial reports. If the bonds are convertible bonds, the method of conversion and amounts already converted shall also be noted.B.Premiums and discounts on bonds payable are valuations of bonds payable. They shall be presented as an addition to or deduction from bonds payable, and shall also be amortized, as an adjustment to interest expenses, using the effective interest method during the period of bond circulation.2.Long-term borrowings:A.Includes long-term borrowings from banks and other long-term borrowings or borrowings repaid in installments. For long-term borrowings, the content, maturity date, interest rate, name of collateral, carrying amount, and any other important restriction terms shall be noted.B.For a long-term borrowing repaid in a foreign currency or in an amount translated at a foreign exchange rate, the name and amount of such foreign currency shall be noted.C.Long-term borrowings from shareholders, employees, and related parties shall be noted separately.D.Long-term payables shall be measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.3.Lease liabilities:A.Means the present value of the lease payments that the lessee has not paid.B.Lease liabilities shall be accounted for in accordance with IFRS 16.4.Deferred tax liabilities: The amounts of income taxes payable in future periods in respect of taxable temporary differences.5.Settlement and clearing credit items: A contra item to the "settlement and clearing debit items" on the assets side. In preparing the balance sheet, settlement and clearing credit items shall be presented as a net balance after offsetting against settlement and clearing debit items, provided that their nature, content, utilization, and pledge status shall be indicated in the notes to the financial reports and the details be disclosed in the statements of related accounting items.6.Other non-current liabilities: Non-current liabilities not attributable to any of the classes above.The items described in the preceding two paragraphs in relation to financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, financial liabilities for hedging, trade payables, and other payables shall be accounted for in accordance with IFRS 9.With respect to the items described in paragraphs 3 and 4 in relation to financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, financial liabilities for hedging, trade payables, other payables, liabilities directly associated with non-current assets held for sale, bonds payable, and long-term borrowings, the measurement and disclosure of fair value shall be made in accordance with IFRS 13.The financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, financial liabilities for hedging, lease liabilities, and provisions described in paragraphs 3 and 4 shall be distinguished as current and non-current based on liquidity.
中文原文 期貨結算機構財務報告編製準則第12條
負債應作適當之分類。
流動負債與非流動負債應予以劃分。
各負債項目預期於資產負債表日後十二個月內清償之總金額，及超過十二個月後清償之總金額，應分別在財務報表表達或附註揭露。
流動負債係指預期於其正常營業週期中清償該負債；主要為交易目的而持有該負債；預期於資產負債表日後十二個月內到期清償該負債，即使於資產負債表日後至通過財務報表前已完成長期性之再融資或重新安排付款協議；不能無條件將清償期限遞延至資產負債表日後至少十二個月之負債，負債之條款可能依交易對方之選擇，以發行權益工具而導致其清償者，並不影響其分類。
流動負債至少應包括下列各項目：
一、短期借款：
（一）包括向銀行短期借入之款項、透支及其他短期借款。
（二）短期借款應依借款種類註明借款性質、借款銀行名稱、利率區間、到期日及保證情形，如有提供擔保品者，應列明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
（三）向金融機構、股東、員工、關係人及其他個人或機構之借入款項，應分別註明。
二、應付短期票券：
（一）為自貨幣市場獲取資金，而委託金融機構發行之短期票券，包括應付商業本票及銀行承兌匯票等。
（二）應付短期票券應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
但未付息之短期應付短期票券若折現之影響不大，得以原始票面金額衡量。
（三）應付短期票券應註明保證、承兌機構及利率，如有提供擔保品者，應註明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
三、透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債－流動：
（一）持有供交易之金融負債：1.其發生主要目的為近期內再買回。
2.於原始認列時即屬合併管理之可辨認金融工具投資組合之一部分，且有證據顯示近期該組合為短期獲利之操作模式。
3.除財務保證合約或被指定且為有效避險工具外之金融負債。
（二）指定透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債。
（三）透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債應按公允價值衡量。
但指定為透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債，其公允價值變動金額屬信用風險所產生者，除避免會計配比不當之情形或屬放款承諾及財務保證合約須認列於損益外，應認列於其他綜合損益。
四、避險之金融負債－流動：
（一）依避險會計指定且為有效避險工具之金融負債。
（二）期貨結算機構應依衍生工具、透過損益按公允價值衡量及非透過損益按公允價值衡量之非衍生金融負債等分類記載。
五、應付帳款：
（一）因主要業務所生之應付款項。
（二）應付帳款應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
但未付息之短期應付帳款若折現之影響不大，得以原始發票金額衡量。
（三）因營業而發生之應付帳款，應與非因營業而發生之其他應付款項分別列示。
（四）金額重大之應付關係人款項，應單獨列示。
（五）已提供擔保品之應付帳款，應註明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
六、其他應付款：不屬於應付帳款之其他應付款項，如應付稅捐、薪工及股利等。
經股東會決議通過之應付股息紅利，如已確定分派辦法及預定支付日期者，應加以揭露。
七、本期所得稅負債：指尚未支付之本期及前期所得稅。
八、負債準備－流動：
（一）指不確定時點或金額之負債。
（二）負債準備之會計處理應依國際會計準則第三十七號規定辦理。
（三）負債準備應於期貨結算機構因過去事件而負有現時義務，且很有可能需要流出具經濟效益之資源以清償該義務，及該義務之金額能可靠估計時認列。
（四）期貨結算機構應於附註中將負債準備區分為員工福利負債準備及其他項目。
九、期貨交易人權益：本項目為資產類結算保證金之相對項目。
十、與待出售非流動資產直接相關之負債：指依出售處分群組之一般條件及商業慣例，於目前狀態下，可供立即出售，且其出售必須為高度很有可能之待出售處分群組內之負債。
十一、其他流動負債：不能歸屬於以上各類之流動負債。
非流動負債係指非屬流動負債之其他負債，至少應包括下列各項目：
一、應付公司債（含海外公司債），係期貨結算機構發行之債券：
（一）發行債券須於附註內註明核定總額、利率、到期日、擔保品名稱、帳面金額、發行地區及其他有關約定限制條款等。
如所發行之債券為轉換公司債者，並應註明轉換辦法及已轉換金額。
（二）應付公司債之溢價、折價為應付公司債之評價項目，應列為應付公司債之加項或減項，並按有效利息法，於債券流通期間內加以攤銷，作為利息費用之調整項目。
二、長期借款：
（一）包括長期銀行借款及其他長期借款或分期償付之借款等。
長期借款應註明其內容、到期日、利率、擔保品名稱、帳面金額及其他約定重要限制條款。
（二）長期借款以外幣或按外幣兌換率折算償還者，應註明外幣名稱及金額。
（三）向股東、員工及關係人借入之長期款項，應分別註明。
（四）長期應付款項應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
三、租賃負債：
（一）係指承租人尚未支付租賃給付之現值。
（二）租賃負債之會計處理應依國際財務報導準則第十六號規定辦理。
四、遞延所得稅負債：指與應課稅暫時性差異有關之未來期間應付所得稅金額。
五、交割結算貸項：本項目為資產類交割結算借項之相對項目。
編表時應與交割結算借項沖抵後之餘額列示，惟其性質、內容、運用方式、質押情形，應於財務報告附註中說明，並於會計項目明細表揭露其明細內容。
六、其他非流動負債：不能歸屬於以上各類之非流動負債。
前二項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、應付帳款、其他應付款等項目之會計處理，應依國際財務報導準則第九號規定辦理。
第三項及第四項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、應付帳款、其他應付款、與待出售非流動資產直接相關之負債、應付公司債、長期借款等項目有關公允價值之衡量及揭露，應依國際財務報導準則第十三號規定辦理。
第三項及第四項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、租賃負債、負債準備等項目，應依流動性區分為流動與非流動。
流動負債與非流動負債應予以劃分。
各負債項目預期於資產負債表日後十二個月內清償之總金額，及超過十二個月後清償之總金額，應分別在財務報表表達或附註揭露。
流動負債係指預期於其正常營業週期中清償該負債；主要為交易目的而持有該負債；預期於資產負債表日後十二個月內到期清償該負債，即使於資產負債表日後至通過財務報表前已完成長期性之再融資或重新安排付款協議；不能無條件將清償期限遞延至資產負債表日後至少十二個月之負債，負債之條款可能依交易對方之選擇，以發行權益工具而導致其清償者，並不影響其分類。
流動負債至少應包括下列各項目：
一、短期借款：
（一）包括向銀行短期借入之款項、透支及其他短期借款。
（二）短期借款應依借款種類註明借款性質、借款銀行名稱、利率區間、到期日及保證情形，如有提供擔保品者，應列明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
（三）向金融機構、股東、員工、關係人及其他個人或機構之借入款項，應分別註明。
二、應付短期票券：
（一）為自貨幣市場獲取資金，而委託金融機構發行之短期票券，包括應付商業本票及銀行承兌匯票等。
（二）應付短期票券應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
但未付息之短期應付短期票券若折現之影響不大，得以原始票面金額衡量。
（三）應付短期票券應註明保證、承兌機構及利率，如有提供擔保品者，應註明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
三、透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債－流動：
（一）持有供交易之金融負債：1.其發生主要目的為近期內再買回。
2.於原始認列時即屬合併管理之可辨認金融工具投資組合之一部分，且有證據顯示近期該組合為短期獲利之操作模式。
3.除財務保證合約或被指定且為有效避險工具外之金融負債。
（二）指定透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債。
（三）透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債應按公允價值衡量。
但指定為透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債，其公允價值變動金額屬信用風險所產生者，除避免會計配比不當之情形或屬放款承諾及財務保證合約須認列於損益外，應認列於其他綜合損益。
四、避險之金融負債－流動：
（一）依避險會計指定且為有效避險工具之金融負債。
（二）期貨結算機構應依衍生工具、透過損益按公允價值衡量及非透過損益按公允價值衡量之非衍生金融負債等分類記載。
五、應付帳款：
（一）因主要業務所生之應付款項。
（二）應付帳款應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
但未付息之短期應付帳款若折現之影響不大，得以原始發票金額衡量。
（三）因營業而發生之應付帳款，應與非因營業而發生之其他應付款項分別列示。
（四）金額重大之應付關係人款項，應單獨列示。
（五）已提供擔保品之應付帳款，應註明擔保品名稱及帳面金額。
六、其他應付款：不屬於應付帳款之其他應付款項，如應付稅捐、薪工及股利等。
經股東會決議通過之應付股息紅利，如已確定分派辦法及預定支付日期者，應加以揭露。
七、本期所得稅負債：指尚未支付之本期及前期所得稅。
八、負債準備－流動：
（一）指不確定時點或金額之負債。
（二）負債準備之會計處理應依國際會計準則第三十七號規定辦理。
（三）負債準備應於期貨結算機構因過去事件而負有現時義務，且很有可能需要流出具經濟效益之資源以清償該義務，及該義務之金額能可靠估計時認列。
（四）期貨結算機構應於附註中將負債準備區分為員工福利負債準備及其他項目。
九、期貨交易人權益：本項目為資產類結算保證金之相對項目。
十、與待出售非流動資產直接相關之負債：指依出售處分群組之一般條件及商業慣例，於目前狀態下，可供立即出售，且其出售必須為高度很有可能之待出售處分群組內之負債。
十一、其他流動負債：不能歸屬於以上各類之流動負債。
非流動負債係指非屬流動負債之其他負債，至少應包括下列各項目：
一、應付公司債（含海外公司債），係期貨結算機構發行之債券：
（一）發行債券須於附註內註明核定總額、利率、到期日、擔保品名稱、帳面金額、發行地區及其他有關約定限制條款等。
如所發行之債券為轉換公司債者，並應註明轉換辦法及已轉換金額。
（二）應付公司債之溢價、折價為應付公司債之評價項目，應列為應付公司債之加項或減項，並按有效利息法，於債券流通期間內加以攤銷，作為利息費用之調整項目。
二、長期借款：
（一）包括長期銀行借款及其他長期借款或分期償付之借款等。
長期借款應註明其內容、到期日、利率、擔保品名稱、帳面金額及其他約定重要限制條款。
（二）長期借款以外幣或按外幣兌換率折算償還者，應註明外幣名稱及金額。
（三）向股東、員工及關係人借入之長期款項，應分別註明。
（四）長期應付款項應以有效利息法之攤銷後成本衡量。
三、租賃負債：
（一）係指承租人尚未支付租賃給付之現值。
（二）租賃負債之會計處理應依國際財務報導準則第十六號規定辦理。
四、遞延所得稅負債：指與應課稅暫時性差異有關之未來期間應付所得稅金額。
五、交割結算貸項：本項目為資產類交割結算借項之相對項目。
編表時應與交割結算借項沖抵後之餘額列示，惟其性質、內容、運用方式、質押情形，應於財務報告附註中說明，並於會計項目明細表揭露其明細內容。
六、其他非流動負債：不能歸屬於以上各類之非流動負債。
前二項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、應付帳款、其他應付款等項目之會計處理，應依國際財務報導準則第九號規定辦理。
第三項及第四項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、應付帳款、其他應付款、與待出售非流動資產直接相關之負債、應付公司債、長期借款等項目有關公允價值之衡量及揭露，應依國際財務報導準則第十三號規定辦理。
第三項及第四項有關透過損益按公允價值衡量之金融負債、避險之金融負債、租賃負債、負債準備等項目，應依流動性區分為流動與非流動。