Methods and Facility Standards for the Storage, Clearance and Disposal of Industrial Waste Article 2

Terms used in these Standards are defined as follows:I. "Storage" refers to the act of placing industrial waste in a specific location, storage container or facility prior to clearance and disposal.II. "Clearance" refers to the act of collecting and transporting waste.III. "Disposal" refers to the following acts:A. "Immediate treatment" refers to the use of physical, chemical, biological, thermal treatment or other treatment methods to alter the physical, chemical or biological characteristics or composition of industrial waste prior to final disposal or reuse, and achieve separation, compaction, detoxification, solidification or stabilization.B. "Final disposal" refers to disposal of industrial waste in a sanitary landfill, sealed landfill or stabilized landfill, or by means of marine dumping.C. "Reuse" refers to the use of industrial waste produced by an enterprise as raw material, materials, fuel, land reclamation fill, or other acts of use recognized by the central industry competent authority via self-use, sale, transfer, or commissioning, and in compliance with reuse regulations.IV. "Clean-up" refers to the act of storage, clearance or disposal of industrial waste.V. "Compatibility" refers to contact between industrial waste and a container or material, or the mixture of two or more types of industrial waste, will not produce the following effects:A. Generation of heat.B. An intense reaction, fire or explosion.C. Generation of flammable or harmful fluids.D. Degradation of container material, so as to lessen the pollution control effect.VI. "Solidification" refers to treatment methods involving the use of solidifying agents mixed with industrial waste to effect solidification.VII. "Stabilization" refers to treatment methods involving the use of chemicals mixed or reacting with industrial waste to cause the industrial waste to stabilize.VIII. Thermal treatment methods:A. "Incineration" refers to treatment methods using high-temperature combustion in order to transform industrial waste into stable gasses or substances.B. "Thermal decomposition" refers to treatment methods involving the use of heat to break down industrial waste under anoxic conditions or in the presence of small quantities of oxygen into a gas, liquid, or residue.C. "Melting" refers to treatment methods involving the heating of industrial waste until it reaches the melting point to cause harmful organic matter to oxidize or heavy metals to volatilize, while causing the remaining hazardous substances to stay in the slag and thereby effect stabilization and solidification.D. "Smelting" refers to treatment methods that incorporate industrial waste in the high temperature metal smelting process in combination with high temperature reduction or metal recycling.E. Other thermal treatment methods.IX. "Oxidative decomposition" refers to treatment methods involving the use of chemical oxidation, electrolytic oxidation or wet oxidation to decompose specially designated pollutants in industrial waste.X. "Chemical treatment methods" refer to the chemical treatment of industrial waste including neutralization, oxidation-reduction, extraction, chemical conditioning, ion exchange, chemical smelting, electrolysis, and air stripping.XI. "Cleaning/washing treatment" means treatment methods that make disappear the characteristics of hazardous components in an industrial waste storage container after said storage container has been cleaned/washed with water or a solvent.XII. "Physical treatment methods" refer to the use of physical treatment of industrial waste including evaporation, distillation, membrane separation, oil water separation, solid liquid separation, crushing, pulverizing, disassembling, stripping, sorting or compressing.XIII. "Sterilization" refers to treatment methods involving the use of physical (such as microwave treatment) or chemical principles to sterilize microbes in industrial waste within a certain amount of time; their indicator microbe reduction rate shall attain at least 99.999%. Those using high temperature high pressure steam sterilization shall test for Bacillus stearothermophilus spores. Those using other sterilization methods shall test for Bacillus subtilis spores.XIV. Landfilling methods:A. "Stabilized landfilling methods" refer to the placement of general industrial waste in a landfill equipped with facilities or measures to prevent land slippage and subsidence and conserve soil and water.B. "Sanitary landfill methods" refer to the burial of general industrial waste in a landfill constructed of water-impermeable materials or low water permeability soil and equipped with waste gas and water seepage collection and treatment facilities and groundwater monitoring devices.C. "Sealed landfilling methods" refer to the burial of hazardous industrial waste in a landfill constructed of pressure-resistant, double-layer water-impermeable materials and equipped with groundwater monitoring devices and measures to block the outward leakage of pollutants.XV. "Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) system" refers to a computer system that automatically identifies objects via reading devices with different input interfaces and stores the captured data to achieve a waste identification system.XVI. "Destruction and removal efficiency" (DRE) refers to when principal organic hazardous constituents (POHC are treated with thermal methods the percentage of their gross weight before thermal treatment minus gross weight in stack emissions divided by gross weight before treatment.XVII. "Combustion efficiency" (CE) refers to the percentage of carbon dioxide concentration in emissions at the stack outlet to the sum of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations.XVIII. "Toxic heavy metals" refers to industrial waste containing heavy metals that are listed in Table 1 of the Standards for Defining Hazardous Waste or industrial waste that exceeds standards for toxic heavy metals listed in Table 4 of the Standards for Defining Hazardous Waste following toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP).
中文原文 事業廢棄物貯存清除處理方法及設施標準第2條
本標準專用名詞定義如下:
一、貯存:指事業廢棄物於清除、處理前,放置於特定地點或貯存容器、設施內之行為。
二、清除:指事業廢棄物之收集、運輸行為。
三、處理:指下列行為:
(一)中間處理:指事業廢棄物在最終處置或再利用前,以物理、化學、生物、熱處理或其他處理方法,改變其物理、化學、生物特性或成分,達成分離、減積、去毒、固化或穩定之行為。
(二)最終處置:指衛生掩埋、封閉掩埋、安定掩埋或海洋棄置事業廢棄物之行為。
(三)再利用:指事業產生之事業廢棄物自行、販賣、轉讓或委託做為原料、材料、燃料、填土或其他經中央目的事業主管機關認定之用途行為,並應符合其規定者。
四、清理:指貯存、清除或處理事業廢棄物之行為。
五、相容性:指事業廢棄物與容器、材料接觸,或二種以上之事業廢棄物混合,不發生下列效應者:
(一)產生熱。
(二)產生激烈反應、火災或爆炸。
(三)產生可燃性流體或有害流體。
(四)造成容器材料劣化,致降低污染防治之效果。
六、固化法:指利用固化劑與事業廢棄物混合固化之處理方法。
七、穩定法:指利用化學劑與事業廢棄物混合或反應使事業廢棄物穩定化之處理方法。
八、熱處理法:
(一)焚化法:指利用高溫燃燒,將事業廢棄物轉變為安定之氣體或物質之處理方法。
(二)熱解法:指將事業廢棄物置於無氧或少量氧氣之狀態下,利用熱能裂解使其分解成為氣體、液體或殘渣之處理方法。
(三)熔融法:指將事業廢棄物加熱至熔流點以上,使其中所含有害有機物質進一步氧化或重金屬揮發,其餘有害物質則存留於熔渣中產生穩定化、固化作用之處理方法。
(四)熔煉法:指將事業廢棄物併入金屬高溫冶煉製程中,合併進行高溫減量處理或金屬資源回收之處理方法。
(五)其他熱處理法。
九、氧化分解法:指利用化學氧化、電解氧化或濕式氧化方式,將事業廢棄物中特定污染物分解之處理方法。
十、化學處理法:指利用化學方式處理事業廢棄物者,包括中和法、氧化還原法、萃取法、化學調理法、離子交換法、化學冶煉法、電解法及氣提法等各式處理方法。
十一、洗淨處理法:指事業廢棄物貯存容器經水洗或溶劑清洗後,該貯存容器所含有害成分特性消失之處理方法。
十二、物理處理法:指利用物理方式處理事業廢棄物者,包括蒸發、蒸餾、薄膜分離、油水分離、固液分離、破碎、粉碎、拆解、剝離、分選或壓縮等各式處理方法。
十三、滅菌法:指在一定時間內,以物理(含微波處理)或化學原理將事業廢棄物中微生物消滅之處理方法,其指標微生物削減率(reduc-tionrate)至少須達百分之九九.九九九者;其採高溫高壓蒸氣滅菌者,以嗜熱桿菌芽孢測試;採其他滅菌法者,以枯草桿菌芽孢測試。
十四、掩埋法:
(一)安定掩埋法:指將一般事業廢棄物置於掩埋場,設有防止地盤滑動、沈陷及水土保持設施或措施之處理方法。
(二)衛生掩埋法:指將一般事業廢棄物掩埋於以不透水材質或低滲水性土壤所構築,並設有滲出水、廢氣收集處理設施及地下水監測裝置之掩埋場之處理方法。
(三)封閉掩埋法:指將有害事業廢棄物掩埋於以抗壓及雙層不透水材質所構築,並設有阻止污染物外洩及地下水監測裝置之掩埋場之處理方法。
十五、自動辨識及資料擷取系統(AIDC):指藉由不同輸入介面之讀取裝置自動辨識物件,並將擷取資料儲存至電腦系統,達到廢棄物識別之系統。
十六、破壞去除效率(DRE):指主要有害有機物質(POHCs)以熱處理法處理時,其處理前總重量減去煙道排氣所含總重量,除以處理前總重量之百分比。
十七、燃燒效率(CE):指煙道出口之排氣中所含二氧化碳濃度與二氧化碳及一氧化碳濃度總和之百分比。
十八、有毒重金屬廢棄物:指含有害事業廢棄物認定標準附表一所列成分為重金屬之事業廢棄物,或經毒性特性溶出程序超過有害事業廢棄物認定標準附表四所列有毒重金屬項目標準之事業廢棄物。

English translation for reference only; the Chinese text prevails. Not legal advice.