Climate Change Response Act Article 3

Terms used in the Act are defined as follows:1. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) refers to the following substances: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), nitrogen trifluoride (NF3), and others designated by the central competent authority.2. Climate change adaptation refers to the adjustment and adaptation process of human and natural systems in response to actual or anticipated climate change risks or their impacts, through the climate change adaptation capabilities building and resilience enhancement, to mitigate the impacts or damages caused by climate change or to take advantage of potentially favorable situations.3. Climate change risk refers to the potential degree of damage caused by climate change impacts on natural ecosystems and human societies. The components of climate change risk are climate change hazards, exposure, and vulnerability.4. Greenhouse gas reduction refers to reducing greenhouse gas emissions derived from human activities or increasing greenhouse gas absorption and storage.5. Emission source refers to a unit or process that directly or indirectly emits GHG into the atmosphere.6. Global Warming Potential (GWP) refers to the radiative driving force accumulated by a single mass unit of greenhouse gas within a specific time frame and compared to that of carbon dioxide, as a benchmark.7. Emissions are the total amount of different GHG emitted from a source multiplied by their corresponding GWPs, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e).8. Negative emission technologies refer to the mechanism by which carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases are removed, absorbed or stored from emission sources or the atmosphere through natural carbon cycles or human interventions.9. Carbon sink refers to the sequestration and storage of carbon dioxide or other GHG removed from their emission sources or atmosphere by trees, forests, soils, oceans, stratum, facilities, or other sites.10. Net zero emissions refer to the achieving of an overall balance between the quantity of GHG emissions and carbon sinks.11. Just transition refers to the principle of consulting with all affected communities in transition to net-zero emissions, while respecting human rights and the dignity of labor, and assisting industries, regions, workers, consumers, and indigenous peoples in a stable transition.12. Entity refers to legal persons, non-corporate representatives or managers, institutions, government agencies or others who have emission sources designated by the central competent authority.13. Reduction credit refers to the quantity of GHG emissions reduction earned by entity and government at all levels through the implementation of GHG voluntary emission reduction project, GHG Offset Project (“Offset Project”) and GHG Early Action Project (“Early Action Project”).14. Performance standard refers to the allowable emissions for a unit of product, unit of raw material, unit of mileage or other unit of usage for an emission source.15. Cap refers to the control measure implemented in order to effectively reduce GHG emissions by the limitation of the total amount of emissions allowed for designated emission sources in a certain period of time under the cap-and-trade scheme.16. Emission allowance refers to the allowance to emit carbon dioxide equivalent during a specified period under the cap-and-trade scheme.17. Carbon leakage refers to the implementation of cap-and-trade scheme that may result in relocation of energy-intensive production in less-controlled regions which could cause global carbon emissions to increase.18. Carbon footprint refers to the amount of total carbon emissions released throughout the life cycle of a product from raw material acquisition, manufacturing, distribution and sale, use and waste treatment, calculated by total CO2 equivalent（CO2e）.