Customs Act Article 51

I. When duty-paid imports are found to have been damaged or not conforming to the specifications and quality as stated in the original contract, thereby necessitating compensation or replacement by the exporter, the compensation or replacement shall be exempt from duty on the condition that the situation is reported to Customs within one month following the date of importation of the original goods, and that all relevant documents submitted to Customs have been verified as accurate.II.If the aforementioned goods are either machinery or equipment, the report and application submitted to Customs may be made within three months following the date of installation and test-run.III.The compensation or replacement goods referred to in Paragraph1 shall be imported within six months following the date of receiving the approval notice from Customs. If necessary, an extension, not exceeding six months, may be applied for with Customs before the expiration of such period.
中文原文 關稅法第51條
課徵關稅之進口貨物,發現損壞或規格、品質與原訂合約規定不符,由國外廠商賠償或調換者,該項賠償或調換進口之貨物,免徵關稅。
但以在原貨物進口之翌日起一個月內申請核辦,並提供有關證件,經查明屬實者為限。
前項貨物如係機器設備,得於安裝就緒試車之翌日起三個月內申請核辦。
第一項賠償或調換進口之貨物,應自海關通知核准之翌日起六個月內報運進口;如因事實需要,於期限屆滿前,得申請海關延長之,其延長,以六個月為限。

English translation for reference only; the Chinese text prevails. Not legal advice.