Immigration Act Article 17

Where a national without household registration in the Taiwan Area is aged 14 or over and enters the Taiwan Area for a visit or residence, he/she shall always carry him/her passport, permit of visit in the Taiwan Area, the entry permit or other identification documents at any time.Where the National Immigration Agency or public servants under other laws and orders may request nationals in the Taiwan Area to produce the foresaid certificates while performing official duties. With respect to requirements and a procedure for requests to produce certificates, the provisions of Chapter 2 of the Police Duties Enforcement Act shall apply mutatis mutandis.
中文原文 入出國及移民法第17條
十四歲以上之臺灣地區無戶籍國民,進入臺灣地區停留或居留,應隨身攜帶護照、臺灣地區居留證、入國許可證件或其他身分證明文件。
移民署或其他依法令賦予權責之公務員,得於執行公務時,要求出示前項證件。
其相關要件與程序,準用警察職權行使法第二章之規定。

English translation for reference only; the Chinese text prevails. Not legal advice.